Italy is a long country with a large population, using trains a lot. Italy also has a fantastic tradition of building modern bullet trains. This one is the ETR 500 "Frecciarossa" (red arrow), seen here at the Trieste Centrale station 12.7.2018. Picture by Ilkka Siissalo.

Italy has a very extensive rail network with over 16 700 km of total length. 11 921 km of these are electrified with 3000 V DC and just 1 296 km of high speed lines with 25 kV AC. Most of the railway lines are controlled by the state agency RFI (Rete Ferroviaria Italiana) and only 3000 km of the network belongs to private companies or regional authority owned rail operators.

• Diesel locomotives and multiple units
• Electric locomotives and multiple units of FS Trenitalia
• Trenord, a joint venture of Trenitalia and private FNM Ferrovie Nord Milano
• Tilo, a joint venture of Swiss SBB and the Italian Trenord.
• Valle d'Aosta bimodal trains
• NTV .Italo private high speed trains
• "Circumvesuviana" narrow gauge trains
• Trams
• Metro trains
• Foreign trains in Italy
• Miscellaneous

Italian state railways is called FS Trenitalia, where FS stands for Ferrovie dello stato, state railways. This locomotive is of the type E464. It is constructed for light trains with driver's cab trailer wagons at the other end. E.464 is currently the largest locomotive class in Italy with 717 machines built between 1999 and 2015. It is a 3000 V DC only machine with a top speed of 160 km/h and a power rating of 3,5 MW.
Picture from Trieste Centrale station 12.7.2018 by Ilkka Siissalo.