A class 441 electric locomotive of Željeznice Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine (ŽFBH), the national railroad company of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The company operates 608 km of railroad lines. Also Serbian trains operate in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
This type 441 is a former Jugoslavian Railways JŽ machine which is based on Swedish technology originally licenced from Asea Brown Boweri ABB. These machines were built by a number of factories including the then Jugoslavian TŽV Janko Gredelj and Đuro Đaković 1970 to 1987. It is a 25 kV AC only machine. Today they are used in Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Macedonia, Turkey and Romania.
Picture from Sarajevo 24.12.2014 by Kyösti Isosaari.

A Željeznice Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine (ŽFBH) locomotive of the class 441 with a rake of Talgo wagons. These Talgo wagons are much shorter than normal passenger coaches and they are also low-floor. They are a fixed rake which cannot be broken to individual wagons easily. They have no bogies, except at the ends of the rake but there is just one individual axle between the coaches.
Picture from Sarajevo 6.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

The same rake of Talgo wagons as shown above, but now seen from behind.
Picture from Sarajevo 6.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

One of the same Talgo wagons seen from inside.
Picture from Sarajevo 6.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

This class 661 old diesel used to belong to the Yugoslavian railways, but now to the railways of Bosnia-Herzegovina. It was built by Đuro Đaković in Croatia sometime between 1960 to 1971.
Here we see the locomotive on the line between Bela Palanka and Belanovac in Serbia. Picture 7.9.2022 by Petr Štefek.

The same class 661 diesel as above.
Picture from Crvena Reka in Serbia 7.9.2022 by Petr Štefek.

Bosnia and Herzegovina have two different railway companies. ZSR is the railways company of the Serbian speaking part which calls itself Republika Srpska. This is a Republika Srpska railways ZSR class 441 locomotive with open cargo wagons. Picture from Dobrilji 3.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

Class 661 diesels are of course by far too big for passenger trains, but nevertheless they are used in the Serbian speaking part. This huge class 661 diesel plus the one and only passenger coach attached were photographed at Dobrilji. The coach is a former East German Halberstädter wagon.
Picture from Dobrilji 3.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

The city of Sarajevo has a tram network of seven lines operated by KJKP GRAS Sarajevo. The network is currently (since 1960) built with 1435 mm standard gauge. There are seven tram lines in Sarajevo, but they all are line variations of just one long line. As rolling stock there are still old Tatra wagons from the communist Yugoslavian times, but then various western cities also donated a large number of old western trams to Sarajevo. This one is an old Düwag from Germany from the 1960s. The poor old tram is now totally covered by extremely ugly graffities and tapings.
Picture from Sarajevo 5.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

Another old, formerly German Düwag tram, almost totally covered with ugly advertisement tapings. Note that at the front of the tram there is no indication whatsoever of the line that it is running on.
Picture from Sarajevo 5.10.2023 by Markku Salo.

Yet another old German Düwag so thrroughly covered with advertisements that it is all but impossible to see out of the tram. But at least now there is a piece of cardboard showing that this tram is running on line 5.
Picture from Sarajevo 6.10.2023 by Markku Salo.