UHash32 (GNU cryptographic primitives and tools)
Keywords: gnu.crypto.mac.UHash32,UHash32 class

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## gnu.crypto.mac
Class UHash32

    java.lang.Object
      |
      +--gnu.crypto.mac.BaseMac
            |
            +--gnu.crypto.mac.UHash32

All Implemented Interfaces:
  java.lang.Cloneable, IMac

public class UHash32
extends BaseMac

UHASH is a keyed hash function, which takes as input a string of arbitrary length, and produces as output a string of fixed length (such as 8 bytes). The actual output length depends on the parameter UMAC-OUTPUT-LEN.

UHASH has been shown to be epsilon-ASU ("Almost Strongly Universal"), where epsilon is a small (parameter-dependent) real number. Informally, saying that a keyed hash function is epsilon-ASU means that for any two distinct fixed input strings, the two outputs of the hash function with a random key "look almost like a pair of random strings". The number epsilon measures how non-random the output strings may be.

UHASH has been designed to be fast by exploiting several architectural features of modern commodity processors. It was specifically designed for use in UMAC. But UHASH is useful beyond that domain, and can be easily adopted for other purposes. UHASH does its work in three layers. First, a hash function called `NH` is used to compress input messages into strings which are typically many times smaller than the input message. Second, the compressed message is hashed with an optimized polynomial hash function into a fixed-length 16-byte string. Finally, the 16-byte string is hashed using an inner-product hash into a string of length WORD-LEN bytes. These three layers are repeated (with a modified key) until the outputs total UMAC-OUTPUT-LEN bytes.

References:

1. UMAC: Message Authentication Code using Universal Hashing.
   T. Krovetz, J. Black, S. Halevi, A. Hevia, H. Krawczyk, and P. Rogaway.

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class gnu.crypto.mac.BaseMac
`name, truncatedSize, underlyingHash`

Fields inherited from interface gnu.crypto.mac.IMac
`MAC_KEY_MATERIAL, TRUNCATED_SIZE`

Constructor Summary
`UHash32()` Trivial 0-arguments constructor.

Method Summary
`java.lang.Object` | `clone()` Returns a clone copy of this instance.
`byte[]` | `digest()` Completes the MAC by performing final operations such as padding and resetting the instance.
`void` | `init(java.util.Map attributes)` Initialises the algorithm with designated attributes.
`int` | `macSize()` Returns the output length in bytes of this MAC algorithm.
`void` | `reset()` Resets the algorithm instance for re-initialisation and use with other characteristics.
`boolean` | `selfTest()` A basic test.
`void` | `update(byte b)` Continues a MAC operation using the input byte.
`void` | `update(byte[] b, int offset, int len)` Continues a MAC operation, by filling the buffer, processing data in the algorithm's MAC_SIZE-bit block(s), updating the context and count, and buffering the remaining bytes in buffer for the next operation.

Methods inherited from class gnu.crypto.mac.BaseMac
`name`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Constructor Detail

### UHash32

    public UHash32()

  Trivial 0-arguments constructor.

Method Detail

### clone

    public java.lang.Object clone()

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Returns a clone copy of this instance.

  Specified by:
    `clone` in interface `IMac`
  Specified by:
    `clone` in class `BaseMac`
  Returns:
    a clone copy of this instance.

### macSize

    public int macSize()

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Returns the output length in bytes of this MAC algorithm.

  Specified by:
    `macSize` in interface `IMac`
  Overrides:
    `macSize` in class `BaseMac`
  Returns:
    the output length in bytes of this MAC algorithm.

### init

    public void init(java.util.Map attributes)
              throws java.security.InvalidKeyException,
                     java.lang.IllegalStateException

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Initialises the algorithm with designated attributes. Permissible names and values are described in the class documentation above.

  Specified by:
    `init` in interface `IMac`
  Specified by:
    `init` in class `BaseMac`
  Parameters:
    `attributes` - a set of name-value pairs that describe the desired future instance behaviour.
  Throws:
    `java.security.InvalidKeyException` - if the key data is invalid.
    `java.lang.IllegalStateException` - if the instance is already initialised.
  See Also:
    `IMac.MAC_KEY_MATERIAL`

### update

    public void update(byte b)

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Continues a MAC operation using the input byte.

  Specified by:
    `update` in interface `IMac`
  Overrides:
    `update` in class `BaseMac`
  Parameters:
    `b` - the input byte to digest.

### update

    public void update(byte[] b,
                       int offset,
                       int len)

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Continues a MAC operation, by filling the buffer, processing data in the algorithm's MAC_SIZE-bit block(s), updating the context and count, and buffering the remaining bytes in buffer for the next operation.

  Specified by:
    `update` in interface `IMac`
  Overrides:
    `update` in class `BaseMac`
  Parameters:
    `b` - the input block.
    `offset` - start of meaningful bytes in input block.
    `len` - number of bytes, in input block, to consider.

### digest

    public byte[] digest()

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Completes the MAC by performing final operations such as padding and resetting the instance.

  Specified by:
    `digest` in interface `IMac`
  Specified by:
    `digest` in class `BaseMac`
  Returns:
    the array of bytes representing the MAC value.

### reset

    public void reset()

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  Resets the algorithm instance for re-initialisation and use with other characteristics. This method always succeeds.

  Specified by:
    `reset` in interface `IMac`
  Overrides:
    `reset` in class `BaseMac`

### selfTest

    public boolean selfTest()

  Description copied from interface: `IMac`

  A basic test. Ensures that the MAC of a pre-determined message is equal to a known pre-computed value.

  Specified by:
    `selfTest` in interface `IMac`
  Specified by:
    `selfTest` in class `BaseMac`
  Returns:
    `true` if the implementation passes a basic self-test. Returns `false` otherwise.

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