Actias

Actias Leach, 1815

Actias Leach, 1815; Zool. Miscell. 2: 25; TS: Phalaena luna Linnaeus
Echidna Hübner, [1807]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: pl. [173] (preocc. Echidna Forster, 1788 (Pisces)); TS: Echidna selene Hübner
- = Actias; [NACL], 109; [MOB3], 96
Tropaea Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (10): 152; TS: Phalaena luna Linnaeus
- = Actias; [NACL], 109,#; [MOB3], 96
Meceura Billberg, 1820; Enum. Ins. Mus. Billb.: 83; TS: Phalaena luna Linnaeus
Artemis Kirby & Spence, 1828; Introd. Ent. (Edn 5) 3: 248; TS: Phalaena luna Linnaeus
Plectropteron Hutton, 1846; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 17: 60 (repl. Echidna Hübner, [1807]); TS: Plectropteron dianae Hutton
- = Actias; [MOB3], 96
Argema Wallengren, 1858; Öfvers. Vet. Akad. Förh. 15: 140; TS: Saturnia mimosae Boisduval
- = Actias; [MOB3], 96
Angas Wallengren, 1865; K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 5 (4): 24; TS: Saturnia mimosae Boisduval
- = Actias; [MOB3], 96
Euandrea Watson, 1913; Rep. Trans. Manchr ent. Soc. 1912: 42; TS: Tropaea dubernardi Oberthür
Sonthonnaxia Watson, 1913; Rep. Trans. Manchr ent. Soc. 1912: 42; TS: Actias maenas Doubleday
- = Actias; [MOB3], 96
Cometesia Bouvier, 1928; Mem. Acad. Sci. Paris (2) 50: 16; TS: Bombyx mittrei Guérin-Méneville
Proactias Arora & Gupta, 1979; Mem. zool. Surv. India 16 (1): 8 (key), 15; TS: Tropaea sinensis Walker
- = Actias; [MOB3], 96

Actias; Godman & Salvin, 1886, Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera 1: 188; [P&N23]; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Actias (Saturniidae); [MOB3], 96
Actias (Saturniinae); [RFEL]
Actias (Saturniini); [NACL], 109; [MABL]
Angas; [NHM-BMW]
Argema; [LepIndex]; [AfroMoths]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Artemis; [NHM-BMW]
Astias; [NHM-BMW]
Astias[sic, Actias]; Leach, 1815, Zool. Miscell. 2: 26
Cometesia; [NHM-BMW]
Euandrea; [NHM-BMW]
Meceura; [NHM-BMW]
Plectropteron; [NHM-BMW]
Proactias; [NHM-BMW]
Sonthonnaxia; [NHM-BMW]
Tropaea; [NHM-BMW]

Actias luna (Linnaeus, 1758)

ENA, Mexico, Guatemala. See [maps] Luna Moth

Phalaena luna Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 496; TL: North America
Tropaea dictynna Walker, 1855; List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 6: 1264
- = ; [NACL], #7758
Actias azteca Packard, 1869; Guide Study Ins.: 298
Actias rossi Ross, 1872; Classif. Cat. Lep. Canada: 5
- = ; [NACL], #7758
Saturnia bolli Wagner, 1875; Tijdschr. Ent. 19: xcviii
- = ; [NACL], #7758
Tropaea maasseni Kirby, 1892; Syn. Cat. Lepid. Het. 1: 765; TL: China
- = ; [NACL], #7758
Tropaea luna f. rubromarginata Davis, 1912; Psyche 19: 91
- = ; [NACL], #7758
rubrosuffusa (Cockerell, 1914) (Tropaea); Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 12: 193 (note 2)
- = ; [NACL], #7758
Tropaea luna r. dictynna f. mariae Benjamin, 1922; Can. Ent. 54 (8): 192; TL: Ocean Springs, Mississippi
- = ; [NACL], #7758
lacrimans (Niepelt, 1932) (Tropaea); Int. Ent. Zs. 26 (8): 92
- = ; [NACL], #7758

Actias azteca; Godman & Salvin, 1886, Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera 1: 188
Actias dictynna; Godman & Salvin, 1886, Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera 1: 189
Actias luna azteca; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [GBCL]
Actias luna luna; [P&N23]
Actias luna; Godman & Salvin, 1886, Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera 1: 188; [NACL], #7758; [SMNA]: 182, pl. 24, f. 1, 4; [MPG] ; [P&N23]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BAMONA] ; [GALEPS]

1000x758 (~72Kb) larva USA, ex. o. (commercial source), Photo 02.07.1979 © Pertti Pakkanen

640x480 (~59Kb) USA, Kansas City, Mo, e.o, Photo May 1996 © Dan Chaffee

Actias truncatipennis (Sonthonnax, 1899)

Mexico, ...?. See [maps]

truncatipennis (Sonthonnax, 1899) (Tropaea); Essai classif. Lep. prod. Soie 2: 19, pl. 7, f. 1-2

Actias truncatipennis; [MABL]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias selene (Hübner, [1807])

Afghanistan - India - China - Korea - Sundaland. See [maps]

Echidna selene Hübner, [1807]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: [3], pl. [172], [173], [174] (missid. as luna); TL: India
Plectropteron dianae Hutton, 1846; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 17: 60; TL: India
Actias selene callandra Jordan, 1911; Novit. zool. 18 (1): 130; TL: Port Blair, Andamans
omeishana Watson, 1913; Rep. Trans. Manchr ent. Soc. 1912: 43
Actias selene seitzi Kalis, 1934; Ent. Rdsch. 51 (19): 210; TL: Djoengo (Andjasmoro) 4000ft, E Java
Actias selene miae Toxopeus, 1944; Treubia: 146
malaisei Bryk, 1944; Ark. Zool. 35 (A) 8: 3
Actias selene vandenberghi Roepke, 1956; Tijdschr. Ent. 99: 23
eberti Rougeot, 1969; Entomops 13: 165

Actias callandra; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias eberti; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias seitzi pahangensis; [GBCL]
Actias seitzi sinjaevorum; [GBCL]
Actias seitzi; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias selene callandra; [LepIndex]
Actias selene eberti; [LepIndex]; [Tony Pittaway]
Actias selene malaisei; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [GBCL]
Actias selene omeishana; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [GBCL]
Actias selene seitzi; [LepIndex]
Actias selene selene; [iNaturalist]
Actias selene taprobanis; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias selene vandenberghi; [LepIndex]
Actias selene; Allen, 1981, 112; Lampe, 1985, 9; [MOB3], 96; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM] ; [MOB] ; [SVF]

900x673 (~63Kb) larva India, ex. o. (commercial source), Photo 1980 © Pertti Pakkanen

1000x761 (~98Kb) larva India, ex. o. (commercial source), Photo 20.07.1980 © Pertti Pakkanen

1000x807 (~78Kb) India, ex. o. (commercial source), Photo 10.08.1980 © Pertti Pakkanen

Actias xenia Jordan, 1911

Japan. See [maps]

Actias artemis xenia Jordan, 1911; Gross-Schmett. Erde 2: 211; TL: Liu-Kiu I.
Actias artemis jordani Niepelt, 1936; Ent. Zs. 50 (3): 35
- = ; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 42, 45 (list)
Actias artemis yakushimaensis Kishida, 1994; Gekkan-Mushi 282: 12; TL: Japan, Kagoshima
- = ; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 42, 45 (list)

Actias (group dulcinea) xenia; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 42, 45 (list)
Actias aliena yakushimaensis; [iNaturalist]
Actias artemis jordani; [LepIndex]
Actias xenia; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias aliena (Butler, 1879)

Japan. See [maps]

Tropaea aliena Butler, 1879; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 4 (23): 355; TL: Japan
Actias artemis ab. flavicollis Jordan, 1911; Gross-Schmett. Erde 2: 211; TL: Okinawa

Actias (group dulcinea) aliena; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 42, 45 (list)
Actias aliena aliena; [iNaturalist]
Actias aliena; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]

Actias dulcinea (Butler, 1881)

SE.Siberia, Korea, Japan. See [maps]

Tropaea dulcinea Butler, 1881; Trans. Ent. Soc. London 1881 (1): 14; TL: Tokei [Tokyo]
Actias artemis sjoqvisti Bryk, 1948; Ark. Zool. 41 A (1): 18; TL: Korea, Shuotsu
- = ; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 43, 45 (list); [RFEL]

Actias (group dulcinea) dulcinea; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 43, 45 (list)
Actias dulcinea; [RFEL]; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]
Actias sjoqvisti; [LepIndex] ; [LEPIFORUM]

Actias artemis (Bremer & Grey, [1851])

Transbaikal, SE.Siberia, Korea, NE.China, Japan. See [maps]

Saturnia artemis Bremer & Grey, [1851]; in Motschulsky, Etud. Ent. 1: 64; TL: Beijing
Tropaea artemis ab. caeca Staudinger, 1892; in Romanoff, Mém. Lépid. 6: 331
Tropaea mandschurica Staudinger, 1892; in Romanoff, Mém. Lépid. 6: 331
- = ; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 44; [RFEL]

Actias (group selenge) artemis; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 44, 45 (list)
Actias artemis; [VVI]: 52, pl. 7 , f. 59-60; [RFEL]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM] ; [SZMN]
Tropaea artemis; Bremer, 1861, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 3: 480

579x555 (~28Kb) ♀ pl. 7, f. 59, Photo 1999 © Vladimir V. Izerskyy

579x555 (~26Kb) pl. 7, f. 61 (horizontal gynandromorph), Photo 1999 © Vladimir V. Izerskyy

579x555 (~24Kb) ♂ pl. 7, f. 60, Photo 1999 © Vladimir V. Izerskyy

Actias gnoma (Butler, 1877)

Japan, Kuriles, Transbaicalia, Primorye, Korea. See [maps]

Tropaea gnoma Butler, 1877; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 20 (120): 480; TL: Yokohama

Actias (group selene) gnoma; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 44
Actias gnoma; [RFEL]; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

A. g. gnoma

Actias artemis tomariactias Bryk, 1942; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 56: 26; TL: Kunashiri, Tomari
- = ; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 45 (list)

Actias artemis tomariactias; [LepIndex]
Actias gnoma gnoma; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 45 (list)

A. g. miyatai Inoue, 1976

Actias gnoma miyatai Inoue, 1976; Bull. Fac. dom. Sci. Otsuma Wom. Univ. 12: 172

Actias gnoma miyatai; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 45 (list); [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [GBCL]

Actias apollo Röber, 1923

Japan. See [maps]

Actias apollo Röber, 1923; Ent. Mitt. 12 (1): 59

Actias (group selene) apollo; Zolotuhin, 2011, Neue Ent. Nachr. 67: 45 (list)
Actias apollo; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias chapae Mell, 1950

Vietnam. See [maps]

chapae Mell, 1950; Ent. Zs. 60: 55

Actias chapae bezverkhovi; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias chapae chapae; [iNaturalist]
Actias chapae; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias distincta (Niepelt, 1932)

W.China. See [maps]

distincta (Niepelt, 1932) (Argema); Int. Ent. Zs. 26 (8): 89, pl. 1, f. 1

Actias distincta; [LepIndex]

Actias felicis (Oberthür, 1896)

Tibet. See [maps]

Saturnia felicis Oberthür, 1896; Étud. d'Ent. 20: 67, pl. 9, f. 61; TL: Siao-Lou

Actias felicis arianeae; [CoL] ; [GBCL]
Actias felicis; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias × mortoni Tutt, 1902

Actias × mortoni Tutt, 1902; Nat. Hist. Br. Lepid. 3: 292

Actias luna × selene; Watson, 1893, Entomologist 26 (361): 173

Actias × lungpoana Müller & Bandermann, 1930

× lungpoana Müller & Bandermann, 1930; Int. Ent. Zs. 24: 304

luna × ningpoana;

Actias neidhoeferi Ong & Yu, 1968 Taiwan

neidhoeferi Ong & Yu, 1968; Occ. Pap. Milwaukee Mus. 1: 10

Actias neidhoeferi; [LepIndex] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias ningpoana C. & R. Felder, 1862

S.Primoria, China, Japan, India, Nepal, Ceylon. See [maps]

Actias selene var. ningpoana C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (2): 34; TL: Ning-Po
astarte Maassen & Weymer, 1872; Beitr. Schmett. 2: f. 16

Actias ningpoana ninghainana; [GBCL]
Actias ningpoana ningtaibaishana; [GBCL]
Actias ningpoana ningtaiwana; [GBCL]
Actias ningpoana; [VVI]: 51, pl. 7, f. 58; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]
Actias selene ningpoana; [LepIndex]

553x556 (~20Kb) pl. 7, f. 58, Photo 1999 © Vladimir V. Izerskyy

The Argema species-group

Actias kuhnei (Pinhey, 1969)

N.Zambia. See [maps]

Argema kuhnei Pinhey, 1969; Arnoldia Rhodesia 4 (22): 1, pl. 1; TL: Zambia, Mbala

Argema kuhnei; [LepIndex] ; [AfroMoths] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [AFM]

A. k. katangensis (Bouer, 2008) Congo

Argema kuhnei katangensis Bouer, 2008; Ent. Africana 13 (2): 57

Argema kuhnei katangensis; [AfroMoths] ; [CoL] ; [GBCL]

Actias besanti (Rebel, 1895)

E.Africa. See [maps]

Argema besanti Rebel, 1895; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 45: 69; TL: E.Africa

Argema besanti; [LepIndex] ; [AfroMoths] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]

Actias mittrei (Guérin-Méneville, 1847)

Madagascar. See [maps]

Bombyx mittrei Guérin-Méneville, 1847; Rev. Zool. 1847: 230; TL: Madagascar
Bombyx mittrei Guérin-Méneville, 1846; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. (2) 4: civ [?]
cometes Guenée, 1865; in Vinson, Voy. Madagascar, Annexe F: 46, pl. 8
Tropaea madagascariensis Bartlett, 1873; Proc. zool. Lond. 1873: 336; TL: Madagascar
Actias idae Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (4): pl. 88, f. 1
ab. immaculata (Bang-Haas, 1934) (Argema); Ent. Zs. 48 (9): 72

Argema mittrei; [LepIndex] ; [AfroMoths] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM] ; [AFM]
Saturnia cometes; Boisduval, 1847, in Delegorgue, Voyage Afr. australe, 2: 600

Actias sinensis (Walker, 1855) N.China?

Tropaea sinensis Walker, 1855; List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 6: 1264; TL: Northern China
Actias heterogyna Mell, 1914; Ent. Rundsch. 31 (6): 32
virescens (Mell, 1950) (Argema); Ent. Zs. 60: 53

Actias sinensis sinensis; [iNaturalist]
Actias sinensis siriae; [GBCL]
Actias sinensis subaurea; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias sinensis; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]
Argema sinensis; [LepIndex] ; [iNaturalist]

Actias laotiana Testout, 1936

Laos, .... See [maps]

laotiana Testout, 1936; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 79: 39

Actias laotiana; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Argema laotiana; [LepIndex]

Actias dubernardi (Oberthür, 1897)

Tropaea dubernardi Oberthür, 1897; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1897 (7): 130
rhodopneuma (Röber, 1925) (Euandrea); Ent. Rundschau 42 (12): 45; TL: Naga Hills

Actias dubernardi; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]
Actias rhodopneuma; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]
Argema dubernardi rhodopneuma; [LepIndex]
Argema dubernardi; [LepIndex]
Tropaea dubernardi; Oberthür, 1897, Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1897 (11): 173

Actias maenas Doubleday, 1847

Himalaya - SE.Asia - Sundaland, Sumba, Flores, Sulawesi, Amboina. See [maps]

Actias maenas Doubleday, 1847; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 19 (124): 95, pl. 7, f. 1; TL: Bangladesh, Sylhet
Saturnia leto Doubleday, 1848; Proc. ent. Soc. Lond. 5: li, pl. 15; TL: Java
diana Maassen & Weymer, 1872; Beitr. Schmett. 2: f. 12
Actias ignescens Moore, 1877; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1877 (3): 602; TL: S.Andamans
Argema isis Sonthonnax, 1899; Essai classif. Lep. prod. Soie 2: 15; TL: Sulawesi
Actias maenas var. saja van Eecke, 1913; Notes Leyden Mus. 35: 134; TL: Solok, Sumatra; Preanger, Java
recta (Bouvier, 1928) (Sonthonnaxia); Bull. Hill Mus. 2: 138; TL: Sumatra
Actias maenas groenendaeli Roepke, 1954; Tijdschr. Ent. 97: 257; TL: Flores
Sonthonnaxia cotei Testout, 1944; Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 13 (10): 147; TL: Sulawesi
Argema maenas latona Rothschild & Jordan, 1901; Novit. Zool. 8 (4): 404; TL: Sulawesi
Tropaea rosenbergii Kaup, 1866; Exot. Schmett. Saturn.: f. 33 d; TL: Amboina
Argema rieli Testout, 1942; Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon. 11 (6): 89; TL: Amboiina

Actias groenendaeli acutapex; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias groenendaeli sumbawaensis; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias groenendaeli timorensis; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias groenendaeli; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias ignescens; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias isis pelengensis; [GBCL]
Actias isis; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM]
Actias maenas acutapex; [CoL]
Actias maenas diana; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]
Actias maenas groenendaeli; [CoL]
Actias maenas saja; [CoL] ; [GBCL]
Actias maenas sumbawaensis; [CoL]
Actias maenas timorensis; [CoL]
Actias maenas; Nassig & Peigler, 114; Lampe, 1985, 8; [MOB3], 97; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [MOB]
Argema ignescens; [LepIndex]
Argema isis; [LepIndex]
Argema maenas diana; [LepIndex]
Argema maenas groenendaeli; [LepIndex]
Argema maenas saja; [LepIndex]
Argema maenas; Allen, 1981, 113; Barlow, 1982, 48; [LepIndex]
Argema rieli; [LepIndex]

Actias mimosae (Boisduval, 1847)

E.Congo, S.Africa?. See [maps]

Saturnia mimosae Boisduval, 1847; in Delegorgue, Voyage Afr. australe, 2: 600; TL: Natal
Argema bouvieri Ghesquière, 1934; Bull. Mus. H.n. Belg. 10 (38): 1
Argema mimosae var. elucidata Grünberg, 1910; Denkschr. med.-naturw. Ges. Jena 16 (4): 118
Argema mimosae var. occidentalis Gschwandner, 1923; Zs. Öst. EntVer. 8: 47; TL: SW.Africa

Argema bouvieri; [LepIndex]
Argema mimosae; [LepIndex] ; [AfroMoths] ; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [GBCL]; [LEPIFORUM] ; [AFM]

Actias fournieri (Darge, 1971)

Cameroons. See [maps]

Argema mimosae fournieri Darge, 1971; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 76 (9-10): 262

Argema mimosae fournieri; [LepIndex]

References:

[AFM]
African Moths
[AfroMoths] De Prins, J., & De Prins, W.
Afromoths, online database of Afrotropical moth species (Lepidoptera); (Version 2024-03-15). Belgian Biodiversity Platform, Belspo; https://doi.org/10.15468/s1kwuw
[BAMONA] Opler, Pavulaan, Stanford & Pogue
Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA] electronic
BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[CoL] Catalogue of Life
Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Döring, M., Ower, G., Hernández Robles, D. R., Plata Corredor, C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen, T., Örn, A., Vandepitte, L., Hobern, D., Schalk, P., DeWalt, R. E., Ma, K., Miller, J., Orrell, T., Aalbu, R., Abbott, J., Adlard, R., Aedo, C., et al. (2024). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2024-03-26); https://doi.org/10.48580/dfz8d
[Dan Chaffee]
6903 NW Cross Rd; Kansas City, Mo. 64152; USA; e-mail: Dan Chaffee
[GALEPS] Moths and Butterflies of Georgia and the Southeastern United States
James K. Adams; Dept. of Natural Science, Dalton State College, Dalton, GA ; http://www.daltonstate.edu/galeps/index.htm
[HBN] Francis Hemming, 1937
HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[LAMAS-NEO] Gerardo Lamas
Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[LEPIFORUM]
Lepiforum; Bestimmung von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und ihren Präimaginalstadien
[LepIndex] Global Lepidoptera Index
Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index. In O. Bánki, Y. Roskov, M. Döring, G. Ower, D. R. Hernández Robles, C. A. Plata Corredor, T. Stjernegaard Jeppesen, A. Örn, L. Vandepitte, D. Hobern, P. Schalk, R. E. DeWalt, K. Ma, J. Miller, T. Orrell, R. Aalbu, J. Abbott, R. Adlard, C. Aedo, et al., Catalogue of Life Checklist (1.1.24.106); https://doi.org/10.48580/dg4lg-49xk
[MABL] Manuel A. Balcázar Lara
Palomillas de México
[MOB] Holloway & Barlow
Online version of; Moths of Borneo
[MPG]
North American Moth Photographers Group
[NHM-BMW] Natural History Museum
Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[P&N23] Pohl & Nanz, 2023
Annotated Taxonomic Checklist of the Lepidoptera of North America, north of Mexico
[PERSEE]
Annales de la Société linnéenne de Lyon; Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon; Publications de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon; Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France
[Pertti Pakkanen]
e-mail: Pertti Pakkanen; Butterfly and moth observations from Finland
[SVF]
Svenska fjärilar; Naturhistoriska riksmuseet; (Sweden)
[SZMN] Lepidoptera
Siberian Zoological Museum
[Tony Pittaway] WWW pages
Sphingidae of the Western Palearctic; Saturniidae of the Western Palaearctic; Sphingidae of China (and adjacent regions)
[ZOBODAT] Oberösterreichische Landesmuseum
OÖ. Landesmuseum; ZOBODAT - Literatur
[iNaturalist]
iNaturalist
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Arora & Gupta, 1979
Taxonomic Studies on Some of the Indian Non-Mulberry Silkmoths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Saturniinae) Mem. zool. Surv. India 16 (1) : 1-63
Bang-Haas, 1934
Neubeschreibungen und Berichtigungen der Palaearktischen Macrolepidopterenfauna. VIII-XVII Ent. Zs. 48 (1): 7-8, (2): 16, (6): 48, (7): 56, (9): 71-72, (14): 108-110, (16): 128, (17): 135, (19): 152 (1935), (23): 183-184 (1935)
Bartlett, 1873
Description of a New Moth, belonging to the Family Saturniidae Proc. zool. Lond. 1873: 336 : 336
Benjamin, 1922
A new form of Saturniid from Mississippi and Florida (Lepidoptera) Can. Ent. 54 (8) : 192
Billberg, 1820
Enumeratio Insectorum Enum. Ins. Mus. Billb. : 1-138
Boisduval, 1847
Catalogue des Lépidoptères recuellis par M. Delegorgue, 1833-1844 in Delegorgue, Voyage Afr. australe, 2 : 585-614
Bouer, 2008
Description de nouveaux Saturniidae africains (II) (Lepidoptera) Ent. Africana 13 (2) : 53-59
Bouvier, 1928
Eastern Saturniidae with descriptions of new species Bull. Hill Mus. 2 : 122-141, pl. 2-7
Bremer, 1861
Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost-Sibirien und dem Amur-Lande gesammelt von Radde und Maack, bescrieben von Otto Bremer Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. 3 : 461-496, Mélanges biol. St.-Pétersb. 3 (5-6): 538-589
Bremer & Grey, [1851]
Diagnoses de Lépidopterères nouveaux, trouvés par MM. Tatarinoff et Gaschkewitch aux environs de Pekin in Motschulsky, Etud. Ent. 1 : 58-67
Bryk, 1942
Zur Kenntnis der Großschmetterlinge der Kurilen Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 56 : 1-90, pl. 1-2
Bryk, 1948
Zur Kenntnis der Großschmetterlinge von Korea. II. Macrofrenatae Ark. Zool. 41 A (1) : 1-225, pl. 1-7
Butler, 1877
Descriptions of new Species of Heterocera from Japan. (1). Sphinges and Bombyces Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 20 (119): 393-404, (120): 473-483
Butler, 1879
Descriptions of new Species of Lepidoptera from Japan Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 4 (23): 349-374, (24): 437-457
Butler, 1881
Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera from Japan Trans. Ent. Soc. London 1881 (1): 1-23, (2): 171-200, (3): 401-426, (4): 579-600
Darge, 1971
Description d'une sous-espèce nouvelle d'Argema mimosae Boisduval [Lep. Attacidae] Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 76 (9-10) : 262-266
Davis, 1912
The red-margined luna, a new variety Psyche 19 : 91-92
Doubleday, 1847
Description of a new species of the genus Actias of Hübner, from Northern India Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 19 (124) : 95-96, pl. 7
van Eecke, 1913
On the verieties of Actias maenas Doubld. Notes Leyden Mus. 35 : 132-139, pl. 3-6
C. & R. Felder, 1862
Observationes de Lepidoteris nonullis Chinae centralis et Japoniae Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (1): 22-32, (2): 33-40
Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874
Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (1): 1-136, pl. 1-21 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, [1865]), (2): 137-378, pl. 22-47 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1865), (3): 379-536, pl. 48-74 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1867), (4): 537-548, pl. 75-120, (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-9 (pl. 1-74), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) , (5): pl. 121-140, (erklärung) 1-10 (pl. 75-107), (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-20 (pl. 108-140), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
Godman & Salvin, 1886
Biologia Centrali-Americana; or Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Mexico and Central America. Zoology. Lepidoptera. Heterocera Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera 1: 1-490, 3: pl. 1-101
Grünberg, 1910
in Schultze (Ed), Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise in Westlichen und Zentralen Süd-Afrika. Lepidoptera Denkschr. med.-naturw. Ges. Jena 16 (4) : 91-146
Gschwandner, 1923
Neue Lokalformen afrikanischer Saturniiden Zs. Öst. EntVer. 8 : 46-47
Guenée, 1865
Lépidoptéres de Madagascar. In Vinson. Voyage a Madagascar au couronnement de Radama II. in Vinson, Voy. Madagascar, Annexe F : 25-48
Guérin-Méneville, 1847
Description d'un Bombyx nouveau découvert par M. Mittre à Nossi-Bé Rev. Zool. 1847 : 229-230
[NACL]; Hodges, 1983
Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Check List Lep. Am. N of Mexico
[MOB3]; Holloway, 1987
Superfamily Bombycoidea: families Lasiocampidae, Eupterotidae, Bombycidae, Brahmaeidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae [1998 reprint] Moths of Borneo 3
Hübner, [1807]
Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge, Vol. 1 (1806 - [1819]) Samml. exot. Schmett. 1 : [1-4] (1807), : [5-12] (1807-1809), : [13-36] (1823-1824), : pl. [1-2], [5-8], [12], [15], [29], [47] (1806), : pl. [9], [11], [17], [21], [25-27], [32], [35], [43-44], [56], [60], [79], [102], [104], [116], [141], [148], [150-151], [155], [159], [200] (1807), : pl. [19], [39], [57], [73], [82], [114], [157], [167], [170], [173], [187] (1807), : pl. [3], [31], [37], [46], [54], [58], [62], [76], [84], [92], [95], [105], [112-113], [117], [137-138], [146], [154], [158], [180], [209] (1808), : pl. [16], [28], [65], [89], [142], [160], [162], [166], [182], [188], [193] (1809), : pl. [4], [22], [42], [53], [61], [88], [90], [97], [100], [107], [110], [118], [120], [140], [143], [149], [161], [171], [178], [184], [196], [202] (1809), : pl. [10], [18], [30], [41], [51], [80], [144], [172], [189] (1810), : pl. [36], [70], [87], [91], [101], [124], [129], [177], [183], [207], [210] (1811), : pl. [20], [38], [45], [55], [85], [98], [103], [108], [136], [139], [152-153], [156], [163], [179], [186], [190], [205-206] (1812), : pl. [13-14], [40], [48], [50], [67], [74], [86], [119], [121], [130], [135], [175-176], [197-199], [204], [212] (1813), : pl. [72], [75], [77-78], [83], [93], [109], [111], [115], [128], [131], [165], [174], [194] (1813), : pl. [24], [49], [52], [63-64], [66], [68-69], [71], [81], [123], [145], [181], [192] (1814), : pl. [126], [132-134], [168] (1815), : pl. [23], [96], [122], [125], [169], [195] (1816), : pl. [33], [99], [127], [187], [185], [213] (1817), : pl. [59], [106], [147], [164], [208], [211] (1818), : pl. [34], [94], [191], [201] (1819), : (Index Systematicus) [1-4] (1819 - April 1823)
Hübner, [1819]
Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
Hutton, 1846
Description of the habits of Plectropteron Dianae (B. Selene), a large Indian Moth Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. 17 : 60
Inoue, 1976
Some new and unrecorded moths belonging to the Bombyces and Sphinges from Japan (Lepidoptera) Bull. Fac. dom. Sci. Otsuma Wom. Univ. 12 : 153-180, pl. 1-8
[VVI]; Izerskiy, 1999
The Bombicoidea Lepidoptera and Notodontidae of Siberia and Far East : 1-160
Jordan, 1911
Descriptions of new Saturniidae Novit. zool. 18 (1) : 129-134
Kalis, 1934
Über javanische Heteroceren V Ent. Rdsch. 51 (19) : 209-210
Kirby, 1892
A synonymic catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (Moths). Sphinges and Bombyces Syn. Cat. Lepid. Het. 1 : 1-951
[GBCL]; Kitching, Rougerie, Zwick, Hamilton, St Lauren, Naumann, Mejia, Kawahara, 2018
A global checklist of the Bombycoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) Biodiv. Data J. 6: e22236
[RFEL]; Leley, 2016
Annotated catalogue of the insects of Russian Far East. Volume II. Lepidoptera Cat. ins. Russian Far East. 2 : 1-812
Linnaeus, 1758
Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338, : 339-824
Maassen & Weymer, 1872
Beiträge zur Schmetterlingskunde Beitr. Schmett. 1: f. 1-11 (1872), 2: f. 12-26 (1872), 3: f. 27-55 (1873), 4: f. 56-81 (1881), 5: f. 82-126 (1885)
Mell, 1914
Eine neue und eine wenig bekannte Actias aus China Ent. Rundsch. 31 (6) : 31-32
Moore, 1877
The Lepidopterous Fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1877 (3) : 580-632, pl. 58-60
Müller & Bandermann, 1930
Einer neuer Hybrid von Actias luna L. ♂ Kreuzung Actias ningpoana Fldr. ♀ Int. Ent. Zs. 24 : 304-305
Niepelt, 1932
Neue orientalische Saturniiden Int. Ent. Zs. 26 (8) : 89-92, pl. 1
Niepelt, 1936
Eine neue palaearktische Actias-Form Ent. Zs. 50 (3) : 35-36
Oberthür, 1897
Description d'une espèce nouvelle de Tropaea [Lépid. hétéroc. fam. Saturniidae] Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1897 (7) : 129-131
Oberthür, 1897
Description de lépidoptères nouveaux Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1897 (11) : 173-180, 5fgs
Packard, 1869
Guide to the study of Insects and a treatise on those injurious and beneficial to crops: for the use of colleges, farm-schools, and agricullturiss Guide Study Ins. : 1-702
Cockerell in Packard, 1914
Monograph of the bombycine moths of North America, part 3 Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 12: IX + 1-516pp, 113pl
Pinhey, 1969
A new African lunar moth (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Arnoldia Rhodesia 4 (22) : 1-3
Rebel, 1895
Argema Besanti, eine neue Saturnide aus Ostafrika Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 45 : 69-70
Roepke, 1954
Some new or little known lepidoptera from Indonesia and New Guinea. I. Tijdschr. Ent. 97 : 257-262, pl. 3
Roepke, 1956
Some new or little known Lepidoptera Heterocera from Indonesia and New Guinea, II Tijdschr. Ent. 99 : 23
Rothschild & Jordan, 1901
On some Lepidoptera Novit. Zool. 8 (4) : 401-407, pl. 9-10
Röber, 1923
Neue Schmetterlinge Ent. Mitt. 12 (1) : 57-59 (5 January)
Röber, 1925
Neue Falter Ent. Rundschau 42 (11): 42-43 (15 November), (12): 45-56 (15 December)
Jordan in Seitz, 1911
Die Gross-Schmetterlinge des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. 2. Die Palaearktischen Spinner & Schwärmer Gross-Schmett. Erde 2 : 1-479 [Macrolep.], pl. 1-56
Staudinger, 1892
Die Macrolepidopteren des Amurgebiets. I. Theil. Rhopalocera, Sphinges, Bombyces, Noctuae in Romanoff, Mém. Lépid. 6 : 83-658, pl. 4-14
Testout, 1936
Contribution à l'étude des Saturnioides Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 79 : 39-51
Testout, 1942
Contributions à l'étude des lépidoptères saturnioides (XII). Révision des saturnioïdes macroures (Actiens de Sonthonnax) Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon. 11 (6) : 89-92
Testout, 1944
Contributions à l'étude des Lépidoptères Saturnioides (XIII). Révision des Saturnioides Macroures (Actiens de Sonthonnax) Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Lyon 13 (10) : 141-150
[SMNA]; Tuskes, Tuttle, & Collins, 1996
The wild silk moths of North America
Tutt, 1902
A natural history of the British Lepidoptera. A text-book for students and collectors Nat. Hist. Br. Lepid. 3 : 1-558
Walker, 1855
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 1: 1-278 (1854), 2: 279-581 (1854), 3: 583-775 (1855), 4: 777-976 (1855), 5: 977-1258 (1855), 6: 1259-1508 (1855), 7: 1509-1808 (1856)
Wallengren, 1858
Nya Fjärilslägten - Nova Genera Lepidopterorum Öfvers. Vet. Akad. Förh. 15 : 75-84,135-142,209-215
Wallengren, 1865
Heterocer-Fjärilar, samlade i Kafferlandet af J. A. Wahlberg, beskirfna af H. D. J. Wallengren K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl. 5 (4) : 1-83
Watson, 1893
On three hybrid silk-moths, hybridised and bred in North America Entomologist 26 (361) : 173-177
Zolotuhin, 2011
The Actias Leach, 1815, in the Far East: how many species? Neue Ent. Nachr. 67 : 40-56

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