Fountainea

Fountainea Rydon, 1971

Fountainea Rydon, 1971; Ent. Rec. J. Var. 83 (11): 339; TS: Anaea phidile Geyer

Subgenus Fountainea (Anaea); Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021, Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3): 29
Fountainea; [LepIndex]; [CoL] ; [iNaturalist] ; [NHM-BMW]
Fountainea (Anaeini); [NL4A], 225; [Wahlberg, 2023]

Fountainea centaurus (C. & R. Felder, 1867)

Colombia. See [maps]

Nymphalis centaurus C. & R. Felder, 1867; ; TL: Colombia

Fountainea centaurus; [NL4A], #1627; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Fountainea eurypyle (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Mexico - Bolivia, Peru. See [maps]

Nymphalis eurypyle C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (4): 119; TL: "Rio Negro" [= Peru, San Martin]

Anaea euryphile[sic, eurypyle]; [BOW]: pl. 31, f. 19 (text only)
Fountainea eurypyle; [EcuL]; [NL4A], #1628; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
Memphis eurypyle; ; [BAMONA]
Paphia euryphile[sic, eurypyle]; Druce, 1877, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1877 (3): 635

F. e. eurypyle

Anaea eurypyle eurypyle; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 318
Fountainea eurypyle eurypyle; [NL4A], #1628a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. e. confusa (Hall, 1929) Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama

Anaea eurypyle confusa Hall, 1929; Entomologist 62: 133; TL: Mexico(Veracruz/Oaxaca),Guatemala,Nicaragua,Costa Rica,Panama

Anaea eurypyle confusa; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 319
Fountainea eurypyle confusa; [NL4A], #1628b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Memphis eurypyle confusa; [BCR]: 121, pl. 15

518x469 (~39Kb) ♀ Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

514x465 (~33Kb) ♂ Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

F. e. glanzi (Rotger, Escalante & Coronado, 1965) Mexico

Anaea (Memphis) eurypyle glanzi Rotger, Escalante & Coronado, 1965; ; TL: Mexico, Guerrero

Fountainea eurypyle glanzi; [NL4A], #1628c; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Fountainea glycerium (Doubleday, [1849])

S.USA, CA - Colombia. See [maps] Crinkled Leafwing

Paphia glycerium Doubleday, [1849]; Gen. diurn. Lep. (2): 319, (1): pl. 50, f. 1; TL: Mexico
?Papilio helie Clerck, 1764; Icon. Ins. rariorum: pl. 34
- = Anaea glycerium; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 323

Anaea glycerium; Godman & Salvin, [1884], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 337; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 323; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 32, f. 4; [MPG] ; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea glycerium; [NL4A], #1629; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]
Memphis glycerium; [NACL], #4555; [BCR]: 122, pl. 16; [Opler]
Memphis glyzerium; Fassl, 1918, (missp.)

Misidentified/misapplied:

Paphia glycerium; Edwards, 1871, Butts. N. Amer. 1: [137], pl. [46]. f- 1-6
- = Anaea andria; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 302

F. g. glycerium Mexico

Anaea glycerinus; Stichel, 1939, (missp.)
Fountainea glycerium glycerium; [NL4A], #1629a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. g. cratais (Hewitson, 1874) Bolivia

Paphia cratais Hewitson, 1874; Bolivian Butts Buckley: 9; TL: Bolivia
Anaea glycerium ornata Röber, 1916; Gross-Schmett. Erde 5: 583; TL: Bolivia
- = ; [NL4A], #1629c

Anaea (Memphis) cratias[sic, cratais]; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 105 (missp.)
Anaea cratias[sic, cratais]; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 322; [EBW], (name only)
Anaea glycerium ornata; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
Fountainea glycerium cratais; [NL4A], #1629c; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Memphis cratais; [EcuL](note) ,

F. g. johnsoni (Avinoff & Shoumatoff, 1941) Jamaica

Anaea johnsoni Avinoff & Shoumatoff, 1941; Ann. Carnegie Mus. 28 (15): 313, pl. 36, f. 3-6; TL: Jamaica

Anaea johnsoni; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 325; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea glycerium johnsoni; [NL4A], #1629d
Fountainea johnsoni; [iNaturalist]

F. g. venezuelana (Johnson & Comstock, 1941) Venezuela

Anaea venezuelana Johnson & Comstock, 1941; J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 324; TL: Caracas, Venezuela

Anaea venezuelana; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea glycerium venezuelana; [NL4A], #1629e; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Fountainea venezuelana;

F. g. comstocki (Witt, 1972) Colombia

glycerium comstocki (Witt, 1972) (Anaea); ; TL: Pereira (Cauca), Colombia

Anaea glycerium comstocki; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
Fountainea glycerium comstocki; [EcuL]; [NL4A], #1629b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. g. yucatanum (Witt, 1980) Mexico

Anaea (Memphis) glycerium yucatanum Witt, 1980; Entomofauna 1 (18): 370; TL: Mexico, Quintana Roo

Fountainea glycerium yucatanum; [NL4A], #1629f; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Fountainea ryphea (Cramer, [1775])

Mexico - Amazon Basin. See [maps]

Papilio ryphea Cramer, [1775]; Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): pl. 48, f. G, H; TL: Surinam

Anaea ryphea; Godman & Salvin, [1884], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 339; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 697; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 317; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 31, f. 19 (text only); Caldas, 1994, J. Lep. Soc. 48 (3): 248-257; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea ryphea; [NL4A], #1633; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA]

F. r. ryphea Mexico - Peru, Surinam, Brazil(Amazonas)

Papilio ?helie Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 773 [ ?? bad ref]; TL: "Asia"
- = ; [NL4A], #1633a (nom. dub.)
Paphia erythema Bates, 1865; J. Entomol. 2 (12): 343; TL: Brazil, Amazonas
- = Anaea ryphea; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 317
- = ; [NL4A], #1633a

Anaea erythema; [BOW]: pl. 31, f. 19 (text only)
Fountainea ryphea ryphea; [EcuL]; [NL4A], #1633a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Memphis ryphea ryphea; [BCR]: 121, pl. 15

F. r. phidile (Geyer, 1837) Brazil(São Paulo)

Anaea phidile Geyer, 1837; in Hübner, Zuträge. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5: 27, f. 905-906
- = Anaea ryphea; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 317
Anaea phidile ab. albomaculata Neustetter, 1929; Int. ent. Zs. 22 (42): 392; TL: Brazil, São Paulo
- = Anaea ryphea; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 317
- = ; [NL4A], #1633c

Anaea (Memphis) ryphea phidile; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 104
Anaea phidile; Godman & Salvin, [1884], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 339; [BOW]: pl. 31, f. 19 (text only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea phidile; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea ryphea phidile; [NL4A], #1633c; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. r. ecuadoralis (Johnson & Comstock, 1941) Ecuador

Anaea ecuadoralis Johnson & Comstock, 1941; J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 320; TL: Ecuador

Anaea ecuadoralis; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea ecuadoralis; [EcuL](= ryphea?) ,
Fountainea ryphea ecuadoralis; [NL4A], #1633b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

Fountainea sosippus (Hopffer, 1874)

Peru, Ecuador. See [maps]

Paphia sosippus Hopffer, 1874; Stettin ent. Ztg 35 (10-12): 352; TL: Peru, Chanchamayo
Paphia rutilans Butler, 1875; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 15 (87): 223; TL: Peru
- = Anaea sosippus; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 319
- = ; [NL4A], #1634
Anaea strymon Weymer, 1890; Reisen Süd-America: 120, pl. 3, f. 11; TL: Ecuador, Baños and Jivaria de Pintuc
- = ; [EcuL]; [NL4A], #1634

Anaea sosippus; Johnson & Comstock, 1941, J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4): 319; [BOW]: pl. 32, f. 16; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Anaea strymon; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Founatainea sosippus; [EcuL]
Fountainea sosippus; [NL4A], #1634; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

The halice species-group

Fountainea halice (Godart, [1824])

Brazil. See [maps]

Nymphalis halice Godart, [1824]; Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (2): 366; TL: Brazil

Anaea halice; [BOW]: pl. 31, f. 19 (text only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea halice; [NL4A], #1630; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. h. halice Brazil

Fountainea halice halice; [NL4A], #1630a; [iNaturalist]

F. h. chrysophana (Bates, 1866) Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador?, Colombia

Paphia chrysophana Bates, 1866; Ent. mon. Mag. 3 (31): 152; TL: Veraguas, Panama
Nymphalis pyrrhothea C. & R. Felder, [1867]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (3): 447, pl. 60, f. 3; TL: Colombia
- = ; [NL4A], #1630b

Anaea chrysophana; Godman & Salvin, [1884], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 338; [BOW]: pl. 31, f. 19; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea chrysophana; [EcuL](note) ,
Fountainea halice chrysophana; [NL4A], #1630b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Memphis chrysophana; [BCR]: 122, pl. 15

F. h. moretta (Druce, 1877) Brazil(Pernambuco)

Paphia moretta Druce, 1877; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1877 (3): 634, pl. 61, f. 1-2; TL: Brazil, Pernambuco

Anaea moretta; [BOW]: pl. 32, f. 4 (text only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea halice moretta; [NL4A], #1630g; [BOA]

F. h. tehuana (Hall, 1917) Mexico

Anaea tehuana Hall, 1917; Entomologist 50: 174; TL: Salina Cruz, S.Mexico

Anaea tehuana; [EBW]
Fountainea halice tehuana; [NL4A], #1630h; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. h. fumata (Hall, 1935) Venezuela

halice fumata (Hall, 1935) (Anaea); ; TL: Venezuela

Anaea fumata; [EBW], (name only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea halice fumata; [NL4A], #1630d; [BOA]

F. h. evelina (Comstock, 1961) Bolivia

Anaea (Memphis) halice evelina Comstock, 1961; ; TL: Bolivia
Anaea moretta wiegeliana Witt, 1970; ; TL: Bolivia
- = ; [NL4A], #1630c

Anaea evelina; [EBW], (name only)
Anaea moretta wiegeliana; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
Fountainea halice evelina; [NL4A], #1630c; [BOA]

F. h. martinezi (Maza & Díaz, 1978) Mexico

Anaea (Memphis) halice martinezi Maza & Díaz, 1978; ; TL: Mexico, Oaxaca

Fountainea halice martinezi; [NL4A], #1630e; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. h. maya (Witt, 1980) Mexico

Anaea (Memphis) maya Witt, 1980; Entomofauna 1 (18): 367; TL: Mexico, Yucatán, Tinúm, Pisté

Fountainea halice maya; [NL4A], #1630f; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

The nessus species-group

Fountainea nessus (Latreille, [1813])

Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela. See [maps]

Nymphalis nessus Latreille, [1813]; in Humboldt & Bonpland, Voy. rég. équinoxiales..., 2 (9): 76, (10): pl. 35, f. 5-6; TL: [Peru]
Nymphalis nesea Godart, [1824]; Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (2): 365 (repl. name); TL: [Peru]
- = ; [NL4A], #1631
Nymphalis cleodice C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (4): 109; TL: Venezuela
- = ; [NL4A], #1631
Nymphalis tempe C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (4): 110; TL: Colombia
- = ; [NL4A], #1631
Anaea nessus floridus Röber, 1926; ; TL: Ecuador
- = ; [EcuL]; [NL4A], #1631
Anaea nessus douglasi Bryk, 1953; ; TL: Peru
- = ; [NL4A], #1631

Anaea nesea; [EBW], (name only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Anaea nessus douglasi; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
Anaea nessus floridus; [LepIndex]; [CoL]
Anaea nessus; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 32, f. 9; [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea nesea; [EcuL]
Fountainea nessus; [NL4A], #1631; [EcuL]; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA]

Fountainea nobilis (Bates, 1864)

-. See [maps]

Paphia nobilis Bates, 1864; Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (7): 162; TL: Guatemala

Anaea nobilis; Godman & Salvin, [1884], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 340, 3: pl. 35, f. 1-3; [EBW], (name only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Fountainea nobilis; [NL4A], #1632; [iNaturalist] ; [LEPIFORUM] ; [BOA] ; [BAMONA]

F. n. nobilis Guatemala

Fountainea nobilis nobilis; [NL4A], #1632a; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. n. titan (C. & R. Felder, [1867]) Costa Rica - Colombia - Peru

Nymphalis titan C. & R. Felder, [1867]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (3): 447, pl. 60, f. 4; TL: Colombia

Anaea titan; Godman & Salvin, [1884], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 337; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 696, 3: pl. 109, f. 6-7; [EBW]; [BOW]: pl. 32, f. 13 (text only); [LepIndex] ; [CoL]
Founainea titan; [EcuL]
Fountainea nobilis titan; [NL4A], #1632g; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. n. caudata (Röber, 1916) Peru

nobilis caudata (Röber, 1916) (Anaea); ; TL: Peru

Fountainea nobilis caudata; [NL4A], #1632b; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. n. pacifica (Vélez & Salazar, 1991) Colombia

nobilis pacifica (Vélez & Salazar, 1991) (Memphis); ; TL: Colombia

Fountainea nobilis pacifica; [NL4A], #1632c; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]

F. n. peralta (Hall, 1929) Costa Rica, Panama

nobilis peralta (Hall, 1929) (Anaea); ; TL: Costa Rica

Fountainea nobilis peralta; [NL4A], #1632d; [iNaturalist] ; [BOA]
Memphis titan peralta; [BCR]: 121, pl. 15

F. n. rayoensis (Maza & Díaz, 1978) Mexico

(Memphis) nobilis rayoensis (Maza & Díaz, 1978) (Anaea); ; TL: Mexico, Oaxaca

Fountainea nobilis rayoensis; [NL4A], #1632e; [iNaturalist]
Fountainea rayoensis; [iNaturalist]

F. n. romeroi (Descimon, 1988) Venezuela

nobilis romeroi (Descimon, 1988) (Anaea); ; TL: Venezuela

Fountainea nobilis romeroi; [NL4A], #1632f; [iNaturalist]

References:

[BAMONA] Opler, Pavulaan, Stanford & Pogue
Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA] electronic
BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BHL] The
Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!
[BOA] Interactive Listing of American Butterflies
Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[CoL] Catalogue of Life
Bánki, O., Roskov, Y., Döring, M., Ower, G., Hernández Robles, D. R., Plata Corredor, C. A., Stjernegaard Jeppesen, T., Örn, A., Vandepitte, L., Hobern, D., Schalk, P., DeWalt, R. E., Ma, K., Miller, J., Orrell, T., Aalbu, R., Abbott, J., Adlard, R., Aedo, C., et al. (2024). Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2024-03-26); https://doi.org/10.48580/dfz8d
[HBN] Francis Hemming, 1937
HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[JLS]
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[John Shuey]
e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org
[LAMAS-NEO] Gerardo Lamas
Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[LEPIFORUM]
Lepiforum; Bestimmung von Schmetterlingen (Lepidoptera) und ihren Präimaginalstadien
[LepIndex] Global Lepidoptera Index
Beccaloni, G., Scoble, M., Kitching, I., Simonsen, T., Robinson, G., Pitkin, B., Hine, A., Lyal, C., Ollerenshaw, J., Wing, P., & Hobern, D. (2024). Global Lepidoptera Index. In O. Bánki, Y. Roskov, M. Döring, G. Ower, D. R. Hernández Robles, C. A. Plata Corredor, T. Stjernegaard Jeppesen, A. Örn, L. Vandepitte, D. Hobern, P. Schalk, R. E. DeWalt, K. Ma, J. Miller, T. Orrell, R. Aalbu, J. Abbott, R. Adlard, C. Aedo, et al., Catalogue of Life Checklist (1.1.24.106); https://doi.org/10.48580/dg4lg-49xk
[MPG]
North American Moth Photographers Group
[NHM-BMW] Natural History Museum
Butterflies and Moths of the World; Generic Names and their Type-species
[Opler] Opler & Warren, 2003
Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
[Wahlberg]
Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group
[ZOBODAT] Oberösterreichische Landesmuseum
OÖ. Landesmuseum; ZOBODAT - Literatur
[iNaturalist]
iNaturalist
[maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

Some related literature:

Avinoff & Shoumatoff, 1941
Some new and undescribed Jamaican butterflies Ann. Carnegie Mus. 28 (15) : 309-322
Bates, 1864
New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama, collected by Osbert Salvin and F. du Cane Godman, Esqs. Ent. mon. Mag. 1 (1): 1-6 (1864), (2): 31-35 (1864), (3): 55-59 (1864), (4): 81-85 (1864), (5): 113-116 (1864), (6): 126-131 (1864), (7): 161-164 (1864), (8): 178-180 (1865), (9): 202-205 (1865)
Bates, 1865
Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon valley, Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae J. Entomol. 2 (10): 175-213, pl. 9-10 (1864), (12): 311-346, pl. 13-14 (1865)
Bates, 1866
New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama Ent. mon. Mag. 3 (27): 49-52 (1866), (28): 85-88 (1866), (30): 133-136 (1866), (31): 152-157 (1866)
Brown & Mielke, 1967
Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera J. Lep. Soc. 21 (2) (2): 77-106, (3): 145-168
Butler, 1875
On some new Species of Butterflies from Tropical America Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 15 (87) : 222-225
Caldas, 1994
Biology of Anaea ryphea in Campinas, Brazil J. Lep. Soc. 48 (3): 248-257
Clerck, 1764
Icones Insectorum Rariorum cum Nominibus eorum Trivialibus, Locisque e C. Linnaei ... Systema Naturae allegatis. Holmiae Icon. Ins. rariorum : pl. 1-12 (1759), : pl. 13-55 (1764)
Cramer, [1775]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 1 (1-7): 1-132, pl. 1-84 (1775), (8): 133-155, pl. 85-96 (1776)
Doubleday, [1849]
The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera, comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habitats and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus; illustrated with 86 plates by W. C. Hewitson Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 1-18, pl. A, 1-4 (1-2) (1846), (1): 19-132, pl. 4*, 18*, 5-25, 28 (3-14) (1847), (1): 133-200, pl. 1*, 26, 27, 29 (15-23) (1848), (1): pl. 31-44 (15-23) (1848), (1): 201-242, pl. 30, 45-52, 56-58, 60-62, 64 (24-31) (1849), (1): 243-250 [?], (2): 243-326, pl. 53-55, 63, 65, 66 (32-38) (1850), (2): 327-466, pl. 59, 67-77 (39-50) (1851), (2): 467-534, 143, 144, pl. 78-80 (Index) (51-54) (1852)
Druce, 1877
A revision of the lepidopterous genus Paphia Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1877 (3) : 632-652, pl. 61-64
Edwards, 1871
The Butterflies of North America. Vol. I Butts. N. Amer. 1: 218pp, 50pls
C. & R. Felder, 1861
Lepidoptera nova Columbiae Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (3): 72-87, (4): 97-111
C. & R. Felder, 1862
Specimen faunae lepidopterologicae riparum fluminis Negro superioris in Brasilia septentrionali Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (3): 65-80, (4): 109-126, (6): 175-192, (7): 229-235
C. & R. Felder, [1867]
Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (1): 1-136, pl. 1-21 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, [1865]), (2): 137-378, pl. 22-47 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1865), (3): 379-536, pl. 48-74 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1867), (4): 537-548, pl. 75-120, (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-9 (pl. 1-74), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) , (5): pl. 121-140, (erklärung) 1-10 (pl. 75-107), (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-20 (pl. 108-140), (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
Godart, [1824]
Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire naturelle Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle des crustacés, des arachnides et des insectes Encyclopédie Méthodique 9 (1): 3-328 (1819), (2): 329-828 ([1824])
Godman & Salvin, [1884]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. (1879-1886) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 1: 1-487, 3: pl. 1-24,24a,25-112
Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-741 (?782), 3: pl. 1-112
Hall, 1917
New butterflies of the family Nymphalidae Entomologist 50 : 161-163, : 171-174
Hall, 1929
New forms of Nymphalidae (Rhopalocera) in the collection of the British Museum Entomologist 62 : 130-134
Hewitson, 1874
Bolivian Butterflies collected by Mr. Buckley - Descriptions of new species of butterflies collected by Mr. Buckley in Bolivia Bolivian Butts Buckley : 1-22
[NACL]; Hodges, 1983
Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico Check List Lep. Am. N of Mexico
Hopffer, 1874
Neue Lepidopteren von Peru und Bolivia Stettin ent. Ztg 35 (10-12) : 329-371
Geyer, 1837
Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 5 [1833]-1837 in Hübner, Zuträge. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5 : [1-3], 4, [5], 6-52 (1837), : pl. [138-151], f. 801-880 (1833), : pl. [152-172], f. 881-1000 (1834 - 1836)
Johnson & Comstock, 1941
Anaea of the Antilles and their continental relationships with descriptions of nwe species, subspecies and forms (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera, Nymphalidae) J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 49 (4) : 301-343
[NL4A]; Lamas, 2004
Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera
Latreille, [1813]
Insectes de l'Amérique équinoxiale, recueillis pendant de voyage de MM. de Humboldt et Bonpland. Seconde Partie. In Humbolt & Bonpland, aux régions équinoxiales du Nouveau Continent. 2. Recueil d'observations de zoologie et d'anatomie comparée; faites dans l'Océan Atlantique, dans l'intérieur du Nouveau Continent et dans la Mer du Sund, pendant les années 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803 in Humboldt & Bonpland, Voy. rég. équinoxiales..., 2 (9): 65-96, pl. 31-34 (1813), (10): 97-138, pl. 35-43 (1817)
[BOW]; Lewis, 1974
Butterflies of the World
Linnaeus, 1758
Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338, : 339-824
Neustetter, 1929
Neue exotische Tagfalter Int. ent. Zs. 22 (42) : 389-392
[EcuL]; Racheli & Racheli, 2001
An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae) Frag. ent. 33 (2) : 213-380
Rydon, 1971
The systematics of the Charaxidae (Lepidoptera: Nymphaloidea) Ent. Rec. J. Var. 83 (2): 219-233, pl. 8a-8b, f. 31-36, (9): 283-287, (10): 310-316, pl. 11, (11): 336-341, (12): 384-388
Röber in Seitz, 1916
Die amerikanischen Tagfalter Gross-Schmett. Erde 5 : 1-48 (1907), : 49-72 (1908), : 73-160 (1909), : 161-200 (1910), : 201-240 (1911), : 241-344 (1912), : 345-456 (1913), : 457-480 (1914), : 481-536 (1915), : 537-615 (1916), : 617-664 (1916), : 665-720 (1917), : 745-768 (1919), : 721-744,769-816 (1920), : 817-856 (1921), : 857-912,937-944 (1922), : 913-936,945-1000 (1923), : 1001-1141 (1924)
[EBW]; Smart, 1976
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World Illust. Encyp. Butt. World: -
[BCR]; DeVries, 1987
Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae The Butterflies of Costa Rica 1
Weymer in Weymer & Maassen, 1890
Lepidoptera gesammelt auf einer Reise durch Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brasilien, Argentinien und Bolivien in den Jahren 1868-1877 von Alphons Stübel Reisen Süd-America : 1-182, pl. 1-9
Witt, 1980
Description of a new species and a new subspecies of the genus Anaea Hübner, 1819 from the Yucatán peninsula, with notes on other species (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Charaxinae) Entomofauna 1 (18) : 366-383
Zhang, Cong, Shen, Opler & Grishin, 2021
Genomics-guided refinement of butterfly taxonomy Taxonomic Rep. 9 (3) : 1-55

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